Current issue
Online first
Archive
About the Journal
Editorial Office
Editorial Board
Copy right and self-archiving policy
Peer review process
Instructions for Reviewers
Printed version subscription
Abstracting and indexing
Contact
Instructions for Authors
Policies
General information
Open Access, Licensing terms, Commercial use and Copyright terms policies
Self-archiving policy and Archive policies
Article Correction and Withdrawal policy
Manuscript Submission policy
Authorship policy
Conflict of Interest policy
Language considerations policy
Plagiarism and Duplicate publications policy
Ethics policy
Review process policy
Acceptance of manuscripts policy
Online First Articles and Special Issues policies
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) policy
Advertising policy
Article publication charges
Policies
General information
Open Access, Licensing terms, Commercial use and Copyright terms policies
Self-archiving policy and Archive policies
Article Correction and Withdrawal policy
Manuscript Submission policy
Authorship policy
Conflict of Interest policy
Language considerations policy
Plagiarism and Duplicate publications policy
Ethics policy
Review process policy
Acceptance of manuscripts policy
Online First Articles and Special Issues policies
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) policy
Advertising policy
ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of urea and molasses supplementation on quality of cassava top silage
1
National Institute of Education, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
2
Khon Kaen University, Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC),
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Publication date: 2018-02-28
Corresponding author
M. Wanapat
Khon Kaen University, Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Khon Kaen University, Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2018;27(1):74-80
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritive value and
fermentation efficiency of cassava top silage using in vitro gas production
technique. The four-month plants were harvested, chopped into 2–3 cm pieces
and ensiled with 0, 0.5 and 1% urea (U), and 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% molasses
(M) (on the basis of the crop dry matter (DM)). Silage pH increased with
U supplementation but decreased by addition of 2% of M, so the lowest pH
values were observed in: U0M0–2 and then in U0.5M2 and U1M2 groups. The
U supplementation increased crude protein content in cassava top silage in
a dose-dependent manner. There was observed U × M interaction for neutral
and acid detergent fibre contents (NDF and ADF, respectively) – when added
together the M decreased these parameters in a dose-dependent manner, and
the lowest value of NDF was observed in U1M2 group, and of ADF – for U0M2,
U0.5M2 and U1M2 groups. The cumulative gas production was increased when
either U or M were added, and the highest value was observed in U0.5M2 and
U1M2 groups. In addition, the true digestibility was increased when M was
added and the NDF digestibility was the highest in M2 groups. Fermented pH
was increased by U supplementation while protozoa populations were similar
among treatments. So, supplementation with 0.5–1% of U and 2% of M may
increase cassava top silage quality and the in vitro fermentation efficiency.
However studies evaluating cassava top silage influence on animal growth
performance are recommended.
REFERENCES (38)
1.
AOAC International, 2012. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 19th Edition. Gaithersburg, MD (USA).
2.
Balagopalan C., 2001. Cassava utilization in food, feed and industry. In: R.J. Hillocks, J.M. Thresh, A.C. Bellotti (Editors). Cassava: Biology, Production and Utilization. CABI Publishing. Wallingford (UK), pp. 301, https://doi.org/10.1079/978085....
3.
Bartzanas T., Bochtis D.D., Green O., Sørensen C.G., Fidaros D., 2013. Prediction of quality parameters for biomass silage: A CFD approach. Comput. Electron. Agric. 93, 209–216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comp....
4.
Cao Y., Takahashi T., Horiguchi K.-i., 2009. Effects of addition of food by-products on the fermentation quality of a total mixed ration with whole crop rice and its digestibility, preference, and rumen fermentation in sheep. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 151, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anif....
5.
Cheli F., Campagnoli A., Dell’Orto V., 2013. Fungal populations and mycotoxins in silages: From occurrence to analysis. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 183, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anif...
6.
Cherdthong A., Wanapat M., Wachirapakorn C., 2011. Influence of urea calcium mixture supplementation on ruminal fermentation characteristics of beef cattle fed on concentrates containing high levels of cassava chips and rice straw. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 163, 43–51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anif....
7.
Galyean M.L., 2010. Laboratory Procedures in Animal Nutrition Research. Texas Tech University. Lubbock, TX (USA), available from: https://www.depts.ttu.edu/afs/... (accessed 2018-01-18).
8.
Getachew G., Blümmel M., Makkar H.P.S., Becker K., 1998. In vitro gas measuring techniques for assessment of nutritional quality of feeds: a review. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 72, 261–281, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-....
9.
Giang N.T.T., Wanapat M., Phesatcha K., Kang S., 2016. Level of Leucaena leucocephala silage feeding on intake, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in dairy steers. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 48, 1057–1064, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250....
10.
Humphreys L.R., 1991. Tropical Pasture Utilization. Cambridge University Press. New York, NY (USA), pp. 143–148, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO978....
11.
Kang S., Wanapat M., Phesatcha K., Norrapoke T., 2015. Effect of protein level and urea in concentrate mixture on feed intake and rumen fermentation in swamp buffaloes fed rice straw-based diet. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 47, 671–679, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250....
12.
Khang D.N., Wiktorsson H., 2004. Effects of fresh cassava tops on rumen environment parameters, thyroid gland hormones and liver enzymes of local yellow cattle fed urea-treated fresh rice straw. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 36, 751–762, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:TROP....
13.
Khattab I.M., Salem A.Z.M., Abdel-Wahed A.M., Kewan K.Z., 2013. Effects of urea supplementation on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization and rumen fermentation in sheep fed diets containing dates. Livest. Sci. 155, 223–229, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livs....
14.
Ki K.S., Khan M.A., Lee W.S., Lee H.J., Kim S.B., Yang S.H., Baek K.S., Kim J.G., Kim H.S., 2009. Effect of replacing corn silage with whole crop rice silage in total mixed ration on intake, milk yield and its composition in Holsteins. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 22, 516–519, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2....
15.
Makkar H.P.S., Blümmel M., Becker K., 1995. Formation of complexes between polyvinyl pyrrolidones or polyethylene glycols and tannins, and their implication in gas production and true digestibility in in vitro techniques. Br. J. Nutr. 73, 897–913, https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN199....
16.
Man N.V., Wiktorsson H., 2002. Effect of molasses on nutritional quality of cassava and gliricidia tops silage. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 15, 1294–1299, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2....
17.
McDonald P., Edwards R.A., Greenhalgh J.F.D., Morgan C.A., Sinclair L.A., Wilkinson R.G., 2011. Animal Nutrition. 7th Edition. Prentice Hall, New York, NY (USA).
18.
Menke K.H., Steingass H., 1988. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and gas production using rumen fluid. Anim. Res. Dev. 28, 7–55.
19.
Menke K.H., Raab L., Salewski A., Steingass H., Fritz D., Schneider W., 1979. The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro. J. Agric. Sci. 93, 217–222, https://doi.org/10.1017/S00218....
20.
Oni A.O., Sowande O.S., Oni O.O., Aderinboye R.Y., Dele P.A., Ojo V.O.A., Arigbede O.M., Onwuka C.F.I., 2014. Effect of additives on fermentation of cassava leaf silage and ruminal fluid of West African dwarf goats. Arch. Zootec. 243, 449–459, https://doi.org/10.4321/S0004-....
21.
Ørskov E.R., McDonald I., 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. J. Agric. Sci. 92, 499–503, https://doi.org/10.1017/S00218....
22.
Pancholy R., Mali P.C., Mathur D., 1994. Effect of urea-molasses and lactic culture on silage fermentation of Cenchrus ciliaris. Ann. Arid. Zone 33, 147–150.
23.
Petterson K., 1988. Ensiling of forages: Factors affecting silage fermentation and quality. Dissertation. Swedish University of Agricultural Science. Uppsala (Sweden).
24.
Phesatcha K., Wanapat M., 2016. Improvement of nutritive value and in vitro ruminal fermentation of Leucaena silage by molasses and urea supplementation. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 29, 1136–1144, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1....
25.
Salem A.Z.M., Zhou C.-s., Tan Z.-l., Mellado M., Salazar M.C., Elghandopur M.M.M.Y., Odongo N.E., 2013. In vitro ruminal gas production kinetics of four fodder trees ensiled with or without molasses and urea. J. Integr. Agric. 12, 1234–1242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-....
26.
SAS (Statistical Analysis System), 2013. User’s Guide: Statistic, Version 9.4th Edition. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC (USA).
27.
Staples C.R., Fahey G.C. Jr, Rindsig R.B., Berger L.L., 1981. Evaluation of dairy waste fiber as a roughage source for ruminants. J. Dairy Sci. 64, 662–671, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0....
28.
Sweeny J.P.A., Surridge V., Humphry P.S., Pugh H., Mamo K., 2014. Benefits of different urea supplementation methods on the production performances of Merino sheep. Vet. J. 200, 398–403, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl....
29.
Van Soest P., Robertson J.B., 1985. Analysis of Forages and Fibrous Foods: a Laboratory Manual for Animal Science, No 613. Cornell University Press. Ithaca, NY (USA).
30.
Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B., Lewis B.A., 1991. Methods of dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583–3597, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0....
31.
Van Soest P.J., 1994. Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. 2nd Edition. Cornell University Press. Ithaca, NY (USA).
32.
Wanapat M., Kang S., 2013. Enriching the nutritive value of cassava as feed to increase ruminant productivity. J. Nutr. Ecol. Food Res. 1, 262–269, https://doi.org/10.1166/jnef.2....
33.
Wanapat M., Kang S., 2015. Cassava chip (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as an energy source for ruminant feeding. Anim. Nutr. 1, 266–270, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anin....
34.
Wanapat M., Kang S., Khejornsart P., Pilajun R., 2013. Improvement of whole crop rice silage nutritive value and rumen degradability by molasses and urea supplementation. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 45, 1777–1781, http://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-....
35.
Wanapat M., Kang S., Khejornsart P., Pilajun R., Wanapat S., 2014. Performance of tropical dairy cows fed whole crop rice silage with varying levels of concentrate. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 46, 185–189, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250....
36.
Wilkinson J.M., 1983. Silage made from tropical and temperate crops. World Anim. Rev. 45, 36–40.
37.
Yokota H., Kim J.H., Okajima T., Ohshima M., 1992. Nutritional quality of wilted napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) ensiled with or without molasses. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 5, 673–679, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.1....
38.
Yunus M., Ohba N., Shimojo M., Furuse M., Masuda Y., 2000. Effects of adding urea and molasses on napiergrass silage quality. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 13, 1542¬1547, https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2....
CITATIONS (10):
1.
Effects of wilting and additives on the ensiling quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of sudangrass silage
Jiang Wan, Kai Xie, Yu Wang, Li Liu, Zhu Yu, Bing Wang
Animal Bioscience
Jiang Wan, Kai Xie, Yu Wang, Li Liu, Zhu Yu, Bing Wang
Animal Bioscience
2.
Farklı Oranlarda Üre ve Melas Katkılarının Filotu (Miscanthus x giganteus) Silajlarının Fiziksel ve Bazı Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri
Kadir BOLAKAR, Osman YÜKSEL
Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi
Kadir BOLAKAR, Osman YÜKSEL
Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi
3.
Effect of supplementation of urea on the nutritive value and fermentation characteristics of apple pulp silages
Önder CANBOLAT
Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi
Önder CANBOLAT
Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi
4.
Improvement of the Nutritional Quality of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus Tubers by Fermentation with Ruminal Crabtree-Negative Yeasts on the In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation in Rumen Fluid
Chanon Suntara, Metha Wanapat, Sompong Chankaew, Benjamad Khonkhaeng, Chanadol Supapong, Pin Chanjula, Pongsatorn Gunun, Nirawan Gunun, Suban Foiklang, Kampanat Phesatcha, Anusorn Cherdthong
Fermentation
Chanon Suntara, Metha Wanapat, Sompong Chankaew, Benjamad Khonkhaeng, Chanadol Supapong, Pin Chanjula, Pongsatorn Gunun, Nirawan Gunun, Suban Foiklang, Kampanat Phesatcha, Anusorn Cherdthong
Fermentation
5.
Feeding Thai Native Sheep Molasses Either Alone or in Combination with Urea-Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse: The Effects on Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Hematological Parameters
Thaintip Kraiprom, Sitthisak Jantarat, Suphawadee Yaemkong, Anusorn Cherdthong, Tossaporn Incharoen
Veterinary Sciences
Thaintip Kraiprom, Sitthisak Jantarat, Suphawadee Yaemkong, Anusorn Cherdthong, Tossaporn Incharoen
Veterinary Sciences
6.
The Chemical Composition, Fermentation End-Product of Silage, and Aerobic Stability of Cassava Pulp Fermented with Lactobacillus casei TH14 and Additives
Sunisa Pongsub, Chanon Suntara, Waroon Khota, Waewaree Boontiam, Anusorn Cherdthong
Veterinary Sciences
Sunisa Pongsub, Chanon Suntara, Waroon Khota, Waewaree Boontiam, Anusorn Cherdthong
Veterinary Sciences
7.
Effect of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria fermented juice inclusion on quality of total mixed ration silage of agricultural and food by-products
YULI YANTI, MASATO YAYOTA
The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences
YULI YANTI, MASATO YAYOTA
The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences
8.
Effect of urea and molasses supplementation on in vitro digestibility, feed quality of mixed forage silages
Esra Gürsoy, Gürkan Sezmiş, Ali Kaya
Czech Journal of Animal Science
Esra Gürsoy, Gürkan Sezmiş, Ali Kaya
Czech Journal of Animal Science
9.
Chemical composition and silage quality of urea, molasses, and urea and molasses ensiled soybean husk
Olurotimi Olafadehan, Abubakar Gero, Moshood Belewu
Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Olurotimi Olafadehan, Abubakar Gero, Moshood Belewu
Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
10.
Effect of replacing concentrates with cassava root-top silage on feed utilization, rumen fermentation, blood parameters and growth performance in beef cattle
Nirawan Gunun, Randorn Phimda, Nonthasak Piamphon, Walailuck Kaewwongsa, Darunee Puangbut, Chatchai Kaewpila, Waroon Khota, Anusorn Cherdthong, Pongsatorn Gunun
Animal Bioscience
Nirawan Gunun, Randorn Phimda, Nonthasak Piamphon, Walailuck Kaewwongsa, Darunee Puangbut, Chatchai Kaewpila, Waroon Khota, Anusorn Cherdthong, Pongsatorn Gunun
Animal Bioscience
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| ISSN: | 1230-1388 |
Assigning DOI numbers, introducing articles from supplements and recent publications to POL-index database, maintaining anti-plagiarism detection, electronic system to proceed manuscripts and webpage of the Journal with interactive pdf files, and language correction of manuscripts published in Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences are financed in the years 2018–2019 by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from the funds for science popularization activities, Agreement No. 631/P-DUN/2018.
© 2006-2024 Journal hosting platform by Bentus
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
