The study was carried out on 166 single-born sucking calves of the Lowland Black-and-White breed and crosses of this breed with Holstein-Friesian. Samples were taken from calves at the age of 1 day (24 ± 6 hours) and 5 days (± 1 day). The blood components assayed were: glucose, bilirubin, cholesterol, GOT, GPT, total protein, albumins, and alpha-, beta- and gammaglobulins. Statistical analysis of data showed that parity and periparturient disorders in cows had a significant influence on blood composition and mortality rate in calves. Calves born from second parity cows had the most advantageous blood composition, revealing the highest level of glucose and cholesterol, whereas in calves born from older cows these constituents showed the lowest values. Calves derived from cows with periparturient disorders had decreased glucose, total protein, beta and gammaglobulins levels. Dystocia and milk fever had the most unfavourable effects on the biochemical and immunological status of calves.