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REVIEW PAPER
Metal nanoparticles – a real threat
or harmless companions for the thyroid gland? A review
1
The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Animal Physiology,
Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
Publication date: 2024-10-28
Corresponding author
A. Wójcik-Gładysz
The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Animal Physiology, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Animal Physiology, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
KEYWORDS
hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axismetal nanoparticlesreactive oxygen speciesthyroid hormonesthyroxinetriiodothyronine
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The application of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in various industries
is increasingly common due to their numerous beneficial properties. However,
recent studies have demonstrated that NPs can also pose significant
environmental risks, adversely affecting living organisms. The thyroid gland is
one of the organs whose functioning can be impaired by metal NPs. Evidence
from many studies indicates a possible toxic effect of metal NPs, mainly through
the activity of reactive oxygen species on the functioning of the endocrine
system, including the thyroid gland. Such disruptions may be manifested as
altered organ mass, induction of inflammation, oxidative stress, genotoxic
effects, and changes in the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.
Moreover, the large specific surface area of NPs can increase the bioavailability
of certain pollutants, thereby affecting the thyroid function of aquatic organisms.
It is essential to note that the potential toxicity of NPs is influenced by numerous
chemical and physical factors, and the resulting effects are also dependent
on the research model and methodology employed. This review highlights the
problem of the possible influence of NPs on thyroid gland function and the need
for further research in this area.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
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