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ORIGINAL PAPER
The effect of copper level in the diet on the distribution,
and biological and immunological responses in a rat model
1
University of Life Science in Lublin, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy,
Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
2
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
Publication date: 2018-12-03
Corresponding author
E. Cholewińska
University of Life Science in Lublin, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
University of Life Science in Lublin, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2018;27(4):349-360
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of copper (Cu)
level in the diet on the distribution, and biological and immunological responses
in a rat model. Two experimental groups of rats received a diet containing the
recommended (higher) amount (6.5 mg/kg) of CuCO3 (CuH) or a diet containing
the reduced (lower) level of Cu (without CuCO3 supplementation; CuL) for
7 or 35 days (T7 and T35, respectively; in total 4 subgroups). Reduced level of
Cu caused a decrease in the Cu excretion in faeces and an increase in the Cu
level in urine, but in overall the digestibility and utilization indexes of Cu were increased.
There was also found a decrease in the Cu content in the plasma and
liver in CuL group (results of a 5-day balance tests). After 7 days the reduction
of Cu dose caused a decrease in plasma contents of Cu, Zn, Fe, MI (%), GRA
(109/l), IgA and IgM; on the other hand the plasma contents of Mg, WBC, LYM
(%) and BIL, and activities of ALP and GGT were increased. The elongation
of the feeding period from 7 to 35 days in the CuH group caused a decrease
of Zn, P, IgA, BIL, TC, TG plasma contents, and activity of ALT, LDH and an
increase in WBC, LYM (%), MID (109/l), MI (%), GRA (%), RBC, HB, IgM, IL-6,
GLU, UA, ALB and HDL and activities of AST, ALP and GGT. However when
the CuL diet was elongated, decreased plasma contents of Cu, IgA, IgM, IL-6,
GLU, ALB and BIL, and activity of GGT; and increased plasma contents of Zn,
WBC, LYM (%) and GRA (109/l), and activity of ALP were stated in comparison
to CuH group. The results of the study suggest that rats partially develop
adaptive mechanisms, thanks to which are able to function at a reduced level
of Cu in the diet. But, reduced level of Cu in the diet may interfere with the immune
response and BIL and ALB metabolisms, playing an antioxidant role in
the body. Furthermore, it can be indicated that the level of many blood indicators
may depend on the growth of rats, therefore it may not be assumed that
the supplementation of Cu in rats is completely unnecessary.
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